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James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death. The kingdoms of Scotland and England were individual sovereign states, with their own parliaments, judiciary, and laws, though both were ruled by James in personal union.

James was the son of Mary, Queen of Scots, and a great-great-grandson of Henry VII, King of England and Lord of Ireland (through both his parents), uniquely positioning him to eventually accede to all three thrones. James succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of thirteen months, after his mother Mary was compelled to abdicate in his favour. Four different regents governed during his minority, which ended officially in 1578, though he did not gain full control of his government until 1583. In 1603, he succeeded the last Tudor monarch of England and Ireland, Elizabeth I, who died without issue.[1] He continued to reign in all three kingdoms for 22 years, a period known as the Jacobean era after him, until his death in 1625 at the age of 58. After the Union of the Crowns, he based himself in England (the largest of the three realms) from 1603, only returning to Scotland once in 1617, and styled himself "King of Great Britain and Ireland".[2] He was a major advocate of a single parliament for both England and Scotland. In his reign, the Plantation of Ulster and British colonisation of the Americas began.

At 57 years and 246 days, James's reign in Scotland was longer than those of any of his predecessors. He achieved most of his aims in Scotland but faced great difficulties in England, including the Gunpowder Plot in 1605 and repeated conflicts with the English Parliament. Under James, the "Golden Age" of Elizabethan literature and drama continued, with writers such as William Shakespeare, John Donne, Ben Jonson, and Sir Francis Bacon contributing to a flourishing literary culture.[3] James himself was a talented scholar, the author of works such as Daemonologie (1597), True Law of Free Monarchies (1598), and Basilikon Doron (1599). He sponsored the translation of the Bible that was named after him: the Authorised King James Version.[4] Sir Anthony Weldon claimed that James had been termed "the wisest fool in Christendom", an epithet associated with his character ever since.[5] Since the latter half of the 20th century, historians have tended to revise James's reputation and treat him as a serious and thoughtful monarch.

see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_VI_and_I

James married Anne of Oldenburg on 24 Nov 1589 in Upslo, Denmark. Anne died on (2 Mar 1618/1619). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Henry Frederick Stuart, Prince of Wales died in 1612.
2. Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia
3. King Charles Stuart, King Charles I was born on 19 Nov 1600 in Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Scotland; died on 30 Jan 1649 in Whitehall, London; was buried on 9 Feb 1649 in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, England.

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• _UID: F72E9C1D51DAD711BA22444553540000FD43

Henry married Queen Mary Stewart, Mary Queen of Scots on 29 Jul 1565. Mary (daughter of James Stewart and Mary of Lorraine) was born in Dec 1542 in Linlithgow; died on (8 Feb 1586/1587) in Fotheringay Castle, Northamptonshire; was buried in Peterborough Cathedral. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Abdication: 24 Jul 1567

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Portraits:
Link to Marilee Cody's "Tudor England" website

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Matthew married Margaret Douglas on 6 Jul 1544. Margaret (daughter of Earl of Angus [Scotland] Archibald Douglas and Margaret Tudor) was born in Oct 1515 in Harbottle; died on (9 Mar 1577/1578) in Hackney. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Coronation: Sep 1513, Stirling

James married Mary of Lorraine in Jun 1538 in St Andrews. Mary died on 10 Jun 1560 in Edinburgh Castle. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Archibald married Margaret Tudor on 6 Aug 1514 in Kinnoull Chapel. Margaret (daughter of King Henry Tudor, King Henry VII and Elizabeth Plantagenet, of York) was born on 28 Nov 1489 in Westminster; was christened on 30 Nov 1489 in Westminster Abbey; died on 18 Oct 1541 in Methven; was buried in St John's Monastery, Perth. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• _UID: E32E9C1D51DAD711BA22444553540000E903
• Coronation: Jun 1488, Scone

James married Margaret Tudor on 8 Aug 1503 in Abbey Church of Holyrood. Margaret (daughter of King Henry Tudor, King Henry VII and Elizabeth Plantagenet, of York) was born on 28 Nov 1489 in Westminster; was christened on 30 Nov 1489 in Westminster Abbey; died on 18 Oct 1541 in Methven; was buried in St John's Monastery, Perth. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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