1. | Edward Plantagenet, King Edward III was born on 13 Nov 1312 in Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England (son of Edward Plantagenet, King Edward II and Isabella, - of France); died on 21 Jul 1377 in Sheen Palace, Richmond, London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England. Notes:
Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was King of England from 25 January 1327 until his death; he is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, Edward II. Edward III transformed the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe. His long reign of fifty years also saw vital developments in legislation and government—in particular the evolution of the English parliament—as well as the ravages of the Black Death.
Edward was crowned at age fourteen after his father was deposed by his mother and her lover Roger Mortimer. At age seventeen he led a successful coup against Mortimer, the de facto ruler of the country, and began his personal reign. After a successful campaign in Scotland he declared himself rightful heir to the French throne in 1337 but his claim was denied due to the Salic law. This started what would become known as the Hundred Years' War.[1] Following some initial setbacks the war went exceptionally well for England; victories at Crécy and Poitiers led to the highly favourable Treaty of Brétigny. Edward's later years, however, were marked by international failure and domestic strife, largely as a result of his inactivity and poor health.
Edward III was a temperamental man but capable of unusual clemency. He was in many ways a conventional king whose main interest was warfare. Admired in his own time and for centuries after, Edward was denounced as an irresponsible adventurer by later Whig historians such as William Stubbs. This view has been challenged recently and modern historians credit him with some significant achievements.
Edward married Philippa, of Hainault on 24 Jan 1328. Philippa was born on 24 Jun 1314; died on 15 Aug 1369. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- Edward Plantagenet, The Black Prince was born on 15 Jun 1330 in Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire, England; died on 8 Jun 1376.
- Isabella Plantagenet was born on 16 Jun 1332.
- Joan Plantagenet was born on 19 Dec 1333.
- William Plantagenet was born on 16 Feb 1337.
- Lionel Plantagenet was born on 29 Nov 1338.
- John Plantagenet, of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster was born on 6 Mar 1340 in Ghent, Flanders, Belgium; died on 3 Feb 1399 in Leicester Castle, Leicestershire; was buried in St Paul's Cathedral, London, England.
- Edmund Plantagenet, of Langley, 1st Duke of York was born on 5 Jun 1341.
- Blanche Plantagenet was born in Mar 1342.
- Mary Plantagenet was born on 10 Oct 1344.
- Margaret Plantagenet was born on 20 Jul 1346.
- Thomas Plantagenet, of Windsor was born in 1347; died in Sep 1348.
- Thomas Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Gloucester was born on 7 Jan 1355; died on 8 Sep 1397.
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